Nkwado Adreesị Ejikọtara Ọnụ (Unified Address) (ZIP-316)
Nke a bụ ntuziaka mmụta, ọ bụghị decoder ejikọrọ ọnụ ma ọ bụ ọbá akwụkwọ Kwụọ ụhwọ a ga-edetuo ma mado. Ọ na-akọwa otú e si ahazi Adreesị Ejikọtara Ọnụ ka ị nwee ike ịghọta ihe ọbá akwụkwọ ndị a na-elekọta na-eme n'ime ya. Maka ihe ọ bụla na-ejikwa ezigbo ego, dabere na nkọwapụta ZIP-316 na mmejuputa gọọmentị e jikọtara n'okpuru.
Nnukwu nkọwa
Adreesị Ejikọtara Ọnụ (UA) bụ otu ahịrị Adreesị akpa ego nke na-ebu ọtụtụ ụdị receiver: Oha (Transparent), Sapling, Orchard, ma ọ bụ njikọta ha. E-akpa ego nke onye na-akwụ ụgwọ na-ahọrọ ozugbo pool receiver kacha mma ọ na-akwado.
Chee UA dịka envelopu e mechiri emechi nke nwere ọtụtụ kaadị e debere akara. Kaadị ọ bụla na-anọchi anya ụzọ dị iche iji ruo gị. Iji lelee Adreesị akpa ego, ngwa ga-emerịrị:
- Mepee envelopu ahụ: Decode ahịrị ederede ahụ.
- Weghachite usoro ihe dị n'ime ya: Kagbuo ngwakọta nchedo (F4Jumble).
- Gụọ kaadị ọ bụla: Wepụ receiver nke ọ bụla.
- Mepụta iwu protocol: Leghara ma ọ bụ jụ entries anya dabere na typecode range ha.
Ihe mere “nanị decode Bech32m” anaghị ezu
UA na-eji usoro ederede Bech32m, mana naanị idecode Bech32m anaghị ekpughe receiver a pụrụ iji.
ZIP-316 na-akpachapụ anya agwakọta payload site na iji F4Jumble tupu encoding. F4Jumble na-eme ka ịgbanwe ọbụna naanị otu mkpụrụedemede n'ime Adreesị akpa ego gbanwee kpamkpam output e decode-rụrụ. Nke a na-egbochi mwakpo mgbanwe Adreesị akpa ego ebe onye mwakpo na-agbanwe bytes n'etiti Adreesị akpa ego mgbe prefix na suffix ka na-adị ka ha dị mma.
Iwu dị mkpa: Nchedo mgbanwe na-arụ ọrụ naanị ma ọ bụrụ na ngwa gị emee pipeline decode na nkwado zuru ezu. Decode nke ezughị ezu na-ewepụ nchekwa ma hapụ ihe ize ndụ niile.
Pipeline decode, nzọụkwụ site na nzọụkwụ
Nzọụkwụ 1: Decode Bech32m ma lelee netwọk
- Akụkụ mmadụ nwere ike ịgụ (Human-readable part, HRP):
u na-akọwa mainnet; utest na-akọwa testnet. (UA mainnet na-amalite na u1, ebe 1 bụ separator Bech32.)
- Oke ogologo: Bech32m ọkọlọtọ na-akwado oke mkpụrụedemede 90. UA na-agafekarị oke a, yabụ a ga-agbanyụrịrị nyocha ogologo ọkọlọtọ n'ime decoder.
- Gbanwee okwu Bech32m bit-5 laghachi na bytes bit-8 ọkọlọtọ.
Nzọụkwụ 2: Tụgharịa F4Jumble
F4Jumble bụ netwọk Feistel round-4 e wuru na BLAKE2b:
- Ogologo ọkara aka ekpe:
min(64, floor(length / 2)) bytes. Oke bytes 64 kwekọrọ na oke output BLAKE2b nwere ike ịmepụta. Ọkara aka nri nwere payload fọdụrụ.
- Ọrụ hash: Na-atụgharị G na H site n'iji labels personalization a kapịrị ọnụ (
UA_F4Jumble_G na UA_F4Jumble_H).
- Usoro round: Encoding n'ihu na-agba G(0) → H(0) → G(1) → H(1). Ntughari azụ (iwepu ngwakọta) na-agba H(1) → G(1) → H(0) → G(0).
- Nlele range: Jụ inputs dị n'èzí oke payload ZIP-316.
Nzọụkwụ 3: Wepụ padding ma nyochaa HRP
Tupu ngwakọta, encoder na-etinye bytes 16 nwere HRP, nke e ji zeros mejupụta.
- Wepụ bytes 16 ikpeazụ mgbe i wepụchara ngwakọta.
- Kwenye na HRP e tinyere n'ime ya dabara na netwọk a tụrụ anya ya (
u ma ọ bụ utest). Nke a na-egbochi ịnakwere Adreesị akpa ego testnet na mainnet n'amaghị ama.
Nzọụkwụ 4: Wepụ receivers
Payload fọdụrụ nwere entries (typecode, length, content), ebe a na-echekwa typecode na ogologo dịka integers compact-size (otu byte maka obere values). Typecode receiver amaara:
| Typecode | Ụdị receiver | Ogologo ọdịnaya |
|---|
0x00 | Oha (P2PKH) | bytes 20 |
0x01 | Oha (P2SH) | bytes 20 |
0x02 | Sapling | bytes 43 |
0x03 | Orchard | bytes 43 |
N'azụ ndị a, ZIP-316 debere ranges abụọ ọzọ maka ndakọrịta n'ọdịnihu:
0xC0–0xDF (metadata na-abụghị MUST-understand): consumers ga-eleghara items metadata ha anaghị amata n'ime range a anya.0xE0 na 0xE1 (metadata expiry MUST-understand e kenyere): registry ZIP-316 dị ugbu a kenyere ndị a na height na oge expiry Adreesị akpa ego. Consumers ga-aghọta items ndị a ma ọ bụ jụ Adreesị akpa ego ahụ.0xE2–0xFC (metadata MUST-understand e kenyebeghị): consumers ga-ajụ Adreesị akpa ego ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na ha zutere item ha anaghị amata n'ime range a.
Maka ụdị receiver amaara, nyochaa na ogologo e encode-rụrụ dabara na ogologo ọdịnaya a kapịrị ọnụ maka ụdị ahụ. Maka items metadata, jiri ogologo compact-size ha e encode-rụrụ chọpụta ogologo ọdịnaya. Jụ entries e bipụtarala ma ọ bụ bytes ọ bụla fọdụrụ.
Usoro receiver a họọrọ. Ozugbo e parse-rụrụ Adreesị akpa ego nke ọma, e-akpa ego ma ọ bụ ngwá ọrụ Kwụọ ụhwọ kwesịrị ịhọrọ receiver kacha mma n'usoro a: Orchard, mesịa Sapling, mesịa Oha.
Iwu ịjụ ZIP-316 a ga-agbasorịrị
Idecode nke ọma anaghị eme Adreesị akpa ego ka ọ bụrụ nke ziri ezi. E-akpa ego Zcash gọọmentị na-ajụ kpamkpam Adreesị akpa ego ndị mebiri iwu ndị a. Ngwá ọrụ Weebụ ga-ajụkwa ha iji gbochie ọdịda Kwụọ ụhgwọ:
- Receiver nke e chebere echebe na-efu: Adreesị akpa ego ga-enwerịrị opekata mpe otu receiver Sapling ma ọ bụ Orchard. UA nke nwere naanị receivers Oha ezighị ezi n'okpuru ZIP-316.
- Typecodes oyiri: Ụdị receiver ọ bụla nwere ike ịpụta naanị otu ugboro.
- Typecodes na-adịghị n'usoro: Receivers ga-apụta n'usoro typecode na-arịgo nke ọma.
- Receivers Oha na-emegide ibe ha: UA nwere ike ibu P2PKH ma ọ bụ P2SH, mana ọ dịghị mgbe ha abụọ.
- Entries ma ọ bụ padding nwere ntụpọ: Prefixes netwọk na-adabaghị, payloads e bipụtarala, ma ọ bụ ogologo na-adabaghị ga-ebute ịjụ ozugbo.
- Typecodes anaghị amata: Consumers ga-eleghara items ha anaghị amata anya belụsọ items nọ na range metadata MUST-understand (
0xE0–0xFC), nke ha ga-ajụ mgbe ha anaghị amata ha. N'ime registry ugbu a, 0xE0 na 0xE1 bụ ụdị expiry e kenyere, ebe 0xE2–0xFC e kenyebeghị. N'adabereghị na nke a, jụ Adreesị akpa ego ọ bụla nke dara iwu nkwado a ga-agbaso n'elu, tinyere ihe achọrọ maka receiver Sapling ma ọ bụ Orchard.
Nrụọrụ kacha mma maka onye mmepụta (developer)
- Tụnyere receivers e parse-rụrụ, ọ bụghị raw strings. Decode Adreesị akpa ego mbụ tupu ịlele nha ha.
- Jiri ọbá akwụkwọ a na-elekọta maka ihe ọ bụla na-ejikwa ego. Compile crates Rust gọọmentị (dịka
zcash_address) gaa WebAssembly kama ibipụta decoders JavaScript omenala.
- Kpachara anya maka parsers ejiri aka dee. Ọ bụrụ na ị dee otu maka ịmụ ihe, were ya dịka ọrụ ọmụmụ ma nwalee ya megide vectors gọọmentị dị n'okpuru tupu ịtụkwasị ya obi n'ihe ọ bụla.
Nkọwapụta gọọmentị na mmejuputa ntụaka
Nkowa okwu
| Okwu | Ihe ọ pụtara |
|---|
| Unified Address (UA) | Otu ahịrị Adreesị akpa ego na-achịkọta ọtụtụ pools receiver. |
| Receiver | Ụdị ebe Kwụọ ụhwọ pụrụ iche (Oha, Sapling, ma ọ bụ Orchard). |
| Bech32m | Usoro encoding ederede eji maka ahịrị UA. |
| HRP | Akụkụ mmadụ nwere ike ịgụ ma ọ bụ prefix netwọk (u ma ọ bụ utest). |
| F4Jumble | Algorithm obfuscation a pụrụ ịtụgharị azụ nke na-ahụ maka ịdị n'otu Adreesị akpa ego. |
| Typecode | Ọnụọgụ dị na entry ọ bụla nke na-akọwa ụdị receiver dị na payload. |
| Malleability | Mgbanwe bytes Adreesị akpa ego na-enweghị ikike na-enweghị achọpụta ya. |
Hụkwa: Viewing Keys
