Full Node Zebra yang Diperkuat
- Menggunakan pengguna tanpa hak istimewa khusus + sandboxing systemd di tingkat kernel (isolasi yang sama dengan Docker).
- RPC hanya tersedia untuk localhost dengan autentikasi cookie yang aman (default & direkomendasikan).
Prasyarat
- distro berbasis Ubuntu apa pun
- Rust toolchain sudah terinstal (
rustup + cargo)
- Setidaknya 300 GB ruang disk kosong (partisi
/var)
Pengaturan Satu Kali (Jalankan sebagai user biasa kamu)
1. Perbarui sistem & instal dependensi build
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sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y build-essential pkg-config libclang-dev clang libssl-dev protobuf-compiler
Perbarui Rust dan instal zebrad terbaru (v4.3.0+)
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rustup update
cargo install --locked --force zebrad
sudo cp ~/.cargo/bin/zebrad /usr/local/bin/zebrad
sudo chown root:root /usr/local/bin/zebrad
sudo chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/zebrad
zebrad --version
Membuat user zebra khusus tanpa hak akses istimewa
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sudo adduser --system --group --no-create-home --shell /usr/sbin/nologin zebra
Buat direktori data yang aman
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sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/zebrad
sudo chown zebra:zebra /var/lib/zebrad
sudo chmod 700 /var/lib/zebrad
Membuat konfigurasi aman (/etc/zebrad/zebrad.toml)
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sudo mkdir -p /etc/zebrad
sudo tee /etc/zebrad/zebrad.toml > /dev/null <<EOF
[network]
network = "Mainnet"
listen_addr = "0.0.0.0:8233"
[state]
cache_dir = "/var/lib/zebrad"
[rpc]
# Enable RPC on localhost only (never expose to the internet!)
listen_addr = "127.0.0.1:8232"
# Cookie authentication
enable_cookie_auth = true # ← uncomment to be explicit
EOF
sudo chown zebra:zebra /etc/zebrad/zebrad.toml
sudo chmod 600 /etc/zebrad/zebrad.toml
Membuat layanan systemd yang diperkeras
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sudo tee /etc/systemd/system/zebrad.service > /dev/null <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Zebra Zcash Full Node (zebrad)
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
User=zebra
Group=zebra
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/zebrad --config /etc/zebrad/zebrad.toml start
UMask=0027
ExecStartPost=/bin/chmod 750 /var/lib/zebrad-rpc
ExecStartPost=/bin/chmod 640 /var/lib/zebrad-rpc/.cookie
# Kernel-level sandboxing (makes native zebrad as isolated as Docker)
ProtectSystem=strict
ProtectHome=yes
PrivateTmp=yes
PrivateDevices=yes
NoNewPrivileges=yes
RestrictAddressFamilies=AF_INET AF_INET6
RestrictNamespaces=yes
MemoryDenyWriteExecute=yes
ReadWritePaths=/var/lib/zebrad /var/lib/zebrad-rpc
LimitNOFILE=65535
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5s
EOF
sudo systemctl daemon-reload
Penggunaan Harian - Alur Kerja Perintah Tunggal
| Tindakan | Perintah | Catatan |
|---|
| Mulai | sudo systemctl start zebrad | Satu perintah |
| Berhenti | sudo systemctl stop zebrad | Satu perintah |
| Status | sudo systemctl status zebrad | Menunjukkan apakah sedang berjalan |
| Log langsung | journalctl -u zebrad -f -o short-precise | Menggantikan screen -r |
| Dapatkan cookie RPC | sudo cat /var/lib/zebrad/.cookie | Hanya saat sedang berjalan |
Alias kemudahan (tambahkan ke ~/.bashrc atau ~/.zshrc):```
alias zebra-start='sudo systemctl start zebrad'
alias zebra-stop='sudo systemctl stop zebrad'
alias zebra-status='sudo systemctl status zebrad'
alias zebra-logs='journalctl -u zebrad -f'
alias zebra-cookie='sudo cat /var/lib/zebrad/.cookie'
